Distrowatch currently lists 306 Linux distributions and many new builds are constantly being developed and released into circulation. Ubuntu is an attractive choice for newcomers, thanks to its intuitive user interface and wide variety of free applications. Furthermore, its solid programming environment and LTS support for five years make Ubuntu an attractive option. Manjaro Linux is an approachable version of Arch Linux that makes operation and setup much simpler, featuring Pamac and Octopi by default, providing software installation via graphical user interface.
1. Ubuntu
Ubuntu stands out as the ideal Linux distro for programming due to its user-friendliness, hardware compatibility, and access to a wide array of software packages. Furthermore, its excellent community support enables programmers to quickly find answers to their questions about programming.
Ubuntu also features a user interface and set of applications similar to those found in Windows OS, maintained by Canonical Ltd, who release new versions every six months and offer 18-month security updates. Ubuntu is free and open source software that anyone can modify; however, developers should remember that its usage may not suit every project or workflow; before making their final choice of distributions.
2. Debian
Debian Linux distribution stands out as being extremely reliable with an intuitive user interface and features. Its intuitive tools for developers make Debian an attractive option to run on any type of hardware device. Debian developers are well known for adhering to strict quality standards. They do not make changes solely for the sake of change and work diligently to address all critical bugs.
Their release cycle also provides assurance that any issues that may arise before their next version is released will be addressed as quickly as possible. Finding the appropriate Linux distro for programming requires taking into account your individual needs. Consider what programming languages you employ as well as stability requirements when making this decision.
3. Fedora
Fedora Linux is a favorite among programmers due to its stability, reliability, and broad selection of software applications. Furthermore, Fedora boasts a fast release cycle with dedicated community support. Fedora provides users with various desktop environments, including GNOME and KDE, in addition to i3, an advanced keyboard-driven tiling window manager used by developers, computer science professionals, and makers to increase productivity.
Fedora also has a short lifespan, with new versions being released frequently and older ones phased out, making it more challenging for beginners to use the operating system as well as require higher knowledge levels for installing and configuring software; however, advanced users still benefit greatly.
4. Arch
Arch Linux is a rolling-release distribution, meaning it stays close to development streams and gets access to the newest kernels and software versions before anyone else. This makes it ideal for programmers who enjoy tinkering with their OS in search of something different or trying out something new. Should any difficulties arise, finding help quickly is easy because the Linux community provides comprehensive documentation. Arch Wiki can be especially beneficial to beginners; simply browsing it can teach a great deal about its system.
Solus is another Arch-based Linux distro designed specifically to cater to programmers. It's lightweight, stable, and offers multiple desktop environments, along with support for popular programming languages and exceptional community assistance. Plus it supports WINE for users transitioning away from Windows!
5. Alpine
There are various Linux distros to choose from, and your selection will depend on your needs and requirements. Some are better suited than others for programming, while some specialize in specific languages or programming practices. Fedora, for instance, is an excellent choice for programmers who like staying ahead of the technological curve with its short release cycle providing easy access to updates as soon as they become available.
Zorin OS is another good option for novice programmers, being based on Ubuntu with an intuitive user interface similar to that found in Windows or macOS, plus all the tools necessary for programming. Alpine Linux is a lightweight distribution of Linux that utilizes musl libc, a lightweight version of libc library that has a smaller attack surface and thus enhances security.
6. Solus
Spin-offs, clones, and branded distributions are a familiar sight in Linux circles; but far less often do we witness new projects starting from scratch and building their own stack of software - this is exactly what Solus is doing! Solus Linux Operating System includes its own desktop environment called Budgie as well as tools and programming languages for developers. Furthermore, continuous security updates and hardware support are provided on an ongoing basis.
This operating system is ideal for users seeking an elegant yet intuitive user interface, and makes a good alternative to Windows. Unfortunately, however, this operating system does not come with commercial support but does have an active wiki with ample documentation, popular forums, and a Google+ community which are great places for support and community interaction.
7. RHEL
Programmers require a secure and reliable operating system in order to be productive. Linux offers many distros designed specifically for specific programming tasks. Furthermore, Linux boasts many security features to safeguard intellectual property while protecting privacy; plus it works better on lesser hardware than either Windows or Mac OS.
Ubuntu and Fedora are ideal choices for developers as they support a wide range of programming languages, with Fedora boasting a vibrant community that provides access to training and support resources. RHEL provides similar functionality, yet offers greater stability due to using an updateable version of Linux that experiences more frequent release cycles - making it an attractive option for businesses that require stable commercial products.